第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
It was a weeknight and one of my twin daughters marched into the room, waving a book she'd finished. “Dad, why are books with science in them always about boys?” she asked.
I told her that simply wasn't true; there were loads of great science fictions with girls in them. She agreed, but argued that in those stories it was the boys who were doing science, and the girls were justalong for the ride. My other daughter took her sister's side and challenged me to give an example.
This left me in a difficult position. I could either go through our library to point out some wonderful examples of female-led science fictions, or just admit they were right and remain in my comfortable chair.
I've been asked several times how I came up with the idea forA Problematic Paradoxand my answer is always the same: it came to me in a moment of inspiration. I like that answer because it's simple and makes me seem very creative. The fact that this explanation is not true bothers me from time to time. Here's the truth: the story wasn't my idea. It was my daughters who suggested I write something for them that had a girl doing science.
My daughters were at an age when many young women turn away from STEM (science, technology, engineering, and math), believing those areas of study unfriendly or out-of-the-norm for girls. I also read about how important role models can be to young people. It's one thing to tell a person they can do something, but seeing someone like them doing that thing can be more powerful.
So, I kept two guidelines for the book in mind: First, the story had to be fun for anyone, because it's as important for boys to understand that science is for everyone. Second, I wanted the main character, Nikola, to be imperfect. She should be someone with shortcomings as we all have. I think this not only makes a story more interesting to read, but also helps make it clear that the most extraordinary things can be done by ordinary people. 1. What does the underlined phrase “along for the ride” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A. Entering a bike race. B. Offering vital help.
C. Doing unimportant things. D. Playing the leading role. 2. What do we know about the bookA Problematic Paradox1?
A. Its main character is perfect. B. It is a female-led science fiction.
C. It is intended to appeal to girls only. D. Its idea comes from the author's inspiration.
3. Which of the following best describes the author's book? A. Serious and abstract. B. Simple and practical.
C. Creative and well-organized. D. Inspiring and interesting.
B
This is Scientific America's 60-Second Science. I am Christopher Intagliata.
The Apollo missions brought back 842 pounds of rock and soil from the moon, that's nearly 2200 different samples. But the most interesting one, according to a scientist Meenakshi Wadhwa, is a sample named \"Apollo 1-0-0-8-5collected by Neil Armstrong on Apollo 11.
“He was about to step back into the lunar module(登月舱) when he turned around and saw there were little spaces in the rock box. He knew that geologists on earth would be just so excited to study these materials, so he just scooped up nine scoops(勺) of soil and put it into the box.\" Wadhwa explained.
It was one of the most well studied samples of the Apollo missions. And a geologist named John Wood noticed white flecks(微粒) of rock in the soil, which inspired him to dig deeper into the moon's ancient past.
“This was quite a leap of imagination — he proposed that the whole of the moon had been almost covered with a magma(岩浆) ocean nearly 4.5 billion years ago. This was a revolutionary idea at the time, because people had thought the moon had formed cold, so it completely changed our idea how the moon formed.”
But Wadhwa has a more personal reason to appreciate this sample. She met her husband Scott Parazynski also because of this rock sample. Scott, a mountaineer at that time, wanted to climbMount Everestwith a moon rock while Wadhwa was the chairman of the NASA committee that gives access to the samples for scientific purposes.
Neil Armstrong's last-minute scoop of moon dust brought two people together here on Earth and upturned our understanding of how the moon — and the Earth itself-got here.
Thank you for listening for Scientific American's 60-Second Science. 4. It can be learned from Paragraph 3 that ________ . A. Neil Armstrong was excited to find the soil B. the spaceship was about to land on the moon
C. Sample \"Apollo1-008-5\" was collected at the last minute
D. scientists were not satisfied with the samples brought back by Neil 5. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the text? A. Scott made a new proposal about the moon's origin.
B. The Apollo missions brought back 842 rock samples.
C. \"Apollo 1-0-0-8-5\" brought new evidence to the moon's formation. D. Wadhwa and her husband climbedMount Everestwith a moon rock. 6. What is this text?
A. A short interview. B. An introduction to a scientist. C. An inspiring speech. D. A broadcast story of a program. 7. What is the text mainly about? A. A romantic story of a moon rock. B. A big leap made by Neil Armstrong. C. An unusual task for Apollo missions.
D. An unexpected discovery in moon exploration.
C
Scientists have made great discoveries. But how have they influenced our personal lives? Do kids in your classroom even know when Einstein lived? You may be wondering: but why is it important to teachkids about modern-day scientists?
First, stories of scientists can encourage kids. Chris Hadfield is a Canadian who went to space, and he’s a real, guitar-playing person. He makes singing videos on YouTube! His story can make kids think scientists are also common people. Hearing scientists’ stories makes kids think “I can do that too!”
But not only that, the stories of famous scientists can encourage kids to never give up. Bill Nye was always refused when trying to be an astronaut. But today, he’s made a lot of successes in his role as a popular science educator and engineer. Besides, it’s no secret that scientific discoveries require trying, and trying again.
Another way some scientists can encourage kids is through their diversity. Neil deGrasse Tyson, for example, is an African-American, which is not common in his field. Such stories can make kids think anyone can be a scientist.
It’s important to know that scientists don’t need to be “gifted” or “good” at school. Often we consider a scientist as being an extremely smart kid at school. That doesn’t have to be true. They just need to have a great interest in science. Telling students stories of scientists can encourage them to show interest in science. As long as they’re interested, they are likely to become a scientist in the future.
Modern scientists teach kids that knowledge builds upon the foundation others have laid. This is important — no one can do it alone. Scientists’ stories can encourage today’s young scientists to keep trying. They’ll be
encouraged not to give up on the dream of making discoveries. Even if they haven’t made important discoveries, their research may help the following scientists. 8. What can Chris Hadfield’s story tell students? A. Scientists are interested in different things. B. Students should have a hobby of their own. C. Scientists can be ordinary like people around us. D. Students should consider scientists as their models. 9. Which of the following would the author agree with? A. African-Americans are more likely to become scientists. B. Scientists are not necessarily very smart at school. C. Not all scientists really show interest in science. D. Scientists are usually good at their schooling. 10. The last paragraph shows us that ________. A. scientists should help each other B. a scientist should never give up trying C. making discoveries is necessary for scientists
D. new scientific discoveries may be based on others’ findings 11. What is the text mainly about? A. Why scientists are important to us.
B. Why students should be taught about scientists. C. Why students love stories of scientists. D. Why scientists can encourage students.
D
Avi Loeb, a scientist, believes that we are not alone in the universe. The belief fits withLoeb's alien spaceship theory that at least one alien spaceship might be flying over the orbit of Jupiter, which won the international attention last year.
Astronomers inHawaiifound the first known interstellar object in late 2017. It was a bit of light moving so fast past the sun that it could only have come from another star. Almost every astronomer on the planet was trying to figure out how the object, called “Oumuamua” got to our far-away part of the Milky way galaxy. “One possibility is that ‘Oumuamua’ is debris from an advanced technological equipment,” Loeb said. “Technology comes from
another solar system just showed up at our door. ”
“‘Oumuamua’ is not an alien spaceship,” Paul Sutter, another scientist wrote. He suggested Loeb was seeking publicity. Most scientists think “Oumuamua” is some sort of rock. They think it could be an icy wandering comet.
Loeb says that “Oumuamua's” behavior means it can't be a block of rock shaped like a long photo. He thinks it's more likely an object that's very long and thin, perhaps like a long pancake or a ship's sail. Loeb says that if someone shows him evidence thatcontradictshis beliefs, he will immediately give in.
Loeb believes himself a truth-teller and risk-taker in an age of very safe, too-quiet scientists. “The worst thing that can happen to me is that I would be relieved of my management duties, and that would give me even more time to focus on science,” Loeb says. He said he wouldn't mind giving up all the titles he had and returning to the Israeli farming village where he grew up. 12. What does Loeb say about “Oumuamua”?
A. It is an icy comet. B. It looks like a long photo.
C. It is actually some sort of rock. D. It may come from another alien civilization. 13. What does the underlined word “contradicts” in paragraph 4 probably mean?
A.Goes against. B. Relies on. C. Turns to. D. Searches for. 14. What do you think of Loeb?
A. He is foolish. B. He is unsatisfied with his titles.
C. He is a firm believer in scientific truth. D. He is uncertain about his career future. 15. What's the best title for the text?
A. Have Aliens Paid a Visit in Spaceships? B. Do We Really Know about Space Theory? C. Scientists Are Working on High Technology D. Astronomers Are Encouraging Space Travel 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项
We all know about the health benefits of swimming.___16___If you don’t mind getting wet, it can be fun too.But who would enjoy swimming in freezing water? Well, many people are taking the plunge (跳入), based on evidence that it can actually be good for us.
___17___Jumping in gives a short sharp shock to the body,but many participants say they get used to it. A cold dip might wake you up, but research has found it can have much bigger benefits than that for your body and mind. As well as being good exercise, spending time outdoors and by water improves health.
___18___One man who suffered constant pain after surgery claimed he was cured by taking a plunge in cold
open water. And another swimmer said jumping in just felt amazing.
But what is it that people all gaining from this experience?___19___However, the more you do it, your reaction to stress is reduced. It’s also thought to have a strong anti-inflammatory (抗炎症的) effect. But there are bigger benefits to this stress-reducing exercise. Some experts believe cold-water swimming helps “cross-adaptation”, where one form of stress prepares the body for another.___20___
So, if you’re convinced that this is for you, take advice: approach it with caution, swim with a friend, and maybe start in the summer, when the water temperatures are higher! A. It shapes your character.
B. It offers a great workout for the body.
C. Doctors say getting into cold water causes a stress response. D. Cold-water swimming usually involves swimming in natural areas. E. Scientists think that jumping into cold water can reduce your stress. F.For example, it also helps reduce the stress of exercising at high places. G. A research shows cold-water swimming has cured certain health conditions.
第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项
The disease had slowed me down. Then my granddaughter sent a cat to me. Honestly speaking, I fell in love with the cute little thing___21___when I first saw her.
\"I'll___22___you Rainbow,” I said with a smile.
The next day I___23___some cat food and two toy mice in a pet shop. Rainbow went crazy over those___24___: she got them stuck under the desk or the sofa. Then she wouldn't stop meowing (喵喵叫)___25___I got them back for her. She'd bring the mice to me and demand that I throw them for her over and over again—she never felt___26___. She couldn’t feel the pain in my___27___.
Rainbow always got into troubles. She kept knocking over my plants or___28___my cups. I had to deal with the “___29___”. My back____30____with all the ups and downs of trying to keep up with Rainbow. But what was I supposed to do? I couldn’t bear the____31____of sending her away.
One day, I felt there was something____32____on my cheek. Rainbow，licking (舔) me, wanted breakfast. “OK, I get the____33____,” I said. I tried to lower my body to put her____34____in the bowl on the floor,____35____pain to spread from my back through my body. But it didn't. I felt____36____,
After she finished eating, I bent down and____37____her bowl without having to hold on to the desk. She
looked up at me and meowed, as if to say, \"See? I'm____38____what the doctor ordered!”
Three years later, Rainbow still kept me moving and I began to____39____her play. I didn't want a cat, but someone knew I____40____one.
21. A. frequently B. gradually C. finally D. immediately 22. A. return B. show C. call D. offer
23. A. cooked B. bought C. made D. borrowed 24. A. mice B. cats C. pets D. patients 25. A. when B. until C. if D. because
26. A. confused B. frightened C. bored D. annoyed 27. A. mouth B. eye C. head D. back
28. A. breaking B. repairing C. placing D. selling 29. A. topics B. expressions C. accidents D. diets 30. A. changed B. improved C. relaxed D. ached 31. A. preparation B. thought C. joke D. freedom 32. A. wet B. cold C. painful D. distant 33. A. guidance B. answer C. letter D. message 34. A. wood B. food C. toy D. medicine
35. A. expecting B. warning C. allowing D. forcing 36. A. taller B. smarter C. better D. fatter
37. A. cared about B. cleaned C. recognized D. picked up 38. A. still B. ever C. just D. never 39. A. avoid B. enjoy C. respect D. design 40. A. needed B. ignored C. earned D. saved 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
If you look around your city, you might spot girls wearinghanfuin subways____41.____people wearing T-shirts with Chinese characters on the streets. A new trend is taking hold in China－guochao, or “China-chic\". According to a recently published report, searches related toguochaoonDianping,____42.____lifestyle information platform,____43.____(rise) by 170 percent from the same period last year. China-chic has expanded the concept of “Made in China\
(美学) offered by homegrown Chinese brands.
China-chic received attention in 2018，____45.____Chinese sportswear brand Li-Ning changed things up. During the 2018 New York Fashion Week, Li-Ning introduced its Taoism-inspiredWu Daocollection. It immediately grabbed attention____46.____home and abroad. As a result, the company recorded 20 percent revenue (收益) growth in 2018,____47.____(mark) the brand's revenue hit the 10-million-yuan mark since its founding.
The trend to embrace domestic brands has since spread rapidly to____48.____(vary) sectors and products. No matter____49.____theguochaotrend evolves, there's one thing that won't change:
Behind the craze is people's positive attitude towards the country's development and their_____50._____(recognize) of and growing confidence in national culture. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.请找出下列短文中的错误，并直接在短文中改正。 改错格式（要求）：
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改：在错词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 只允许修改10处，多者（从11处起）不计分。
My school schedule is tight than ever because I’m in the final year of high school. Therefore, I still manage to do what I can help with the housework. I’ve gotten into the habit of cleaning up after dinner when I turned nine. I also do thing like sweeping and washing clothes. I even begin to cook for my family last month. Doing the housework makes I learn to take responsibility at home, and in a long term, in society. For another, I find the time spend doing the housework with my parents really fun and rewarding. We chat with and sometimes even sing together!
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Lying in bed with my husband, Gary, we were reminiscing (怀旧). Having been together for 31 years, we were now proud parents to 5 children. Our four eldest kids had flown away to their own life, and Samuel, in his final year of school, was preparing to follow in their footsteps.
With six bedrooms, Gary and I wondered what we would do once we became empty-nest-ers. “Maybe we should sell the house,” Gary suggested. But over the next six months, we never got around to it. Plus, we were
busy as foster carers (寄养照管), which we'd done for the past five years. Though I loved every child who stayed with us, we had no plans to have any youngsters for ever. After all, we'd raised five kids already. Then, looking through the Internet, I saw an article. Seven siblings (兄弟姐妹) in need of forever home, it read, beside a photo of the kids in their best clothes.
My heart went out to their hopeful smiles. Reading, I discovered the children—Adelino, then 13, Ruby, 11, Aleecia and Anthony, both six, Aubriella, four, Leo, three, and Xander, two—had been in a terrible car accident six months earlier. Their parents had died and the youngsters had been badly injured. It was a miracle (奇迹) they'd survived.
We had to help them, I thought. I sent an e-mail to my husband if we could adopt (收养) them, expecting him to tell me I was crazy. With Gary working for the post office and me a lawyer, I knew we had the ability to make it work. And as the hours passed, I couldn't push the kids out of my mind. Who else would have the room to keep them all together? I wondered. It would be devastating (毁灭性的) if they had to be seperated.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Before Gary arrived home from work, I'd prepared a speech to present my request.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I tried to help them feel safe with us.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1. C 2. B 3. D
4. C 5. C 6. D 7. D
8. C 9. B 10. D 11. B
12. D 13. A 14. C 15. A
16. B 17. D 18. G 19. C 20. F
21. D 22. C 23. B 24. A 25. B 26. C 27. D 28. A 29. C 30. D 31. B 32. A 33. D 34. B 35. A 36. C 37. D 38. C 39. B 40. A
41. or 42. a 43. have risen
44. representation##representative 45. when 46. at##from 47. marking 48. various
49. how 50. recognition
51.(1).tight→tighter； (2).Therefore→However； (3).在help前加to； (4).when→since； (5).thing→things； (6).begin→began； (7).I→me； (8).a→the；
(9).spend→spent； (10).去掉with
52.略
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