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简单实体类和xml文件的相互转换方法

2020-11-27 来源:桦陀教育

下面我就为大家带来一篇简单实体类和xml文件的相互转换方法。现在就分享给大家,也给大家做个参考。

最近写一个题目,要求将一组员工实体类转换成xml文件,或将xml文件转换成一组实体类。题目不难,但写完感觉可以利用泛型和反射将任意一个实体类和xml文件进行转换。于是今天下午立马动手

试了下,做了个简单的模型,可以将简单的实体类和xml文件进行相互转换,但对实体类的属性类型有限制,目前只支持String, Integer, Double三种类型。但是后面可以扩展。

我的大概思路是这样的,只要能拿到实体类的类型信息,我就能拿到实体类的全部字段名称和类型,拼属性的set和get方法更是简单明了,这时候只需要通过方法的反射,将xml文件的数据读取出来给这个反射即可。

反过来只要给我一个任意对象,我就能通过反射拿到该对象所有字段的值,这时候在写xml文件即可。

具体代码如下:

package com.pcq.entity;

import java.io.*;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;

import org.dom4j.Document;
import org.dom4j.DocumentException;
import org.dom4j.DocumentHelper;
import org.dom4j.Element;
import org.dom4j.io.OutputFormat;
import org.dom4j.io.SAXReader;
import org.dom4j.io.XMLWriter;

public class XMLAndEntityUtil {
 private static Document document = DocumentHelper.createDocument();
 
 /**
 * 判断是否是个xml文件,目前类里尚未使用该方法
 * @param filePath 
 * @return
 */
 @SuppressWarnings("unused")
 private static boolean isXMLFile(String filePath) {
 File file = new File(filePath);
 if(!file.exists() || filePath.indexOf(".xml") > -1) {
 return false;
 }
 return true;
 }
 
 /**
 * 将一组对象数据转换成XML文件
 * @param list
 * @param filePath 存放的文件路径
 */
 public static <T> void writeXML(List<T> list, String filePath) {
 Class<?> c = list.get(0).getClass();
 String root = c.getSimpleName().toLowerCase() + "s";
 Element rootEle = document.addElement(root);
 for(Object obj : list) {
 try {
 Element e = writeXml(rootEle, obj);
 document.setRootElement(e);
 writeXml(document, filePath);
 } catch (NoSuchMethodException | SecurityException
 | IllegalAccessException | IllegalArgumentException
 | InvocationTargetException e) {
 e.printStackTrace();
 }
 }
 }
 /**
 * 通过一个根节点来写对象的xml节点,这个方法不对外开放,主要给writeXML(List<T> list, String filePath)提供服务
 * @param root
 * @param object
 * @return
 * @throws NoSuchMethodException
 * @throws SecurityException
 * @throws IllegalAccessException
 * @throws IllegalArgumentException
 * @throws InvocationTargetException
 */
 private static Element writeXml(Element root, Object object) throws NoSuchMethodException, SecurityException, IllegalAccessException, IllegalArgumentException, InvocationTargetException {
 Class<?> c = object.getClass();
 String className = c.getSimpleName().toLowerCase();
 Element ele = root.addElement(className);
 Field[] fields = c.getDeclaredFields();
 for(Field f : fields) {
 String fieldName = f.getName();
 String param = fieldName.substring(0, 1).toUpperCase() + fieldName.substring(1);
 Element fieldElement = ele.addElement(fieldName);
 Method m = c.getMethod("get" + param, null);
 String s = "";
 if(m.invoke(object, null) != null) {
 s = m.invoke(object, null).toString();
 }
 fieldElement.setText(s);
 }
 return root;
 }
 
 /**
 * 默认使用utf-8
 * @param c
 * @param filePath
 * @return
 * @throws UnsupportedEncodingException
 * @throws FileNotFoundException
 */
 public static <T> List<T> getEntitys(Class<T> c, String filePath) throws UnsupportedEncodingException, FileNotFoundException {
 return getEntitys(c, filePath, "utf-8");
 }
 /**
 * 将一个xml文件转变成实体类
 * @param c
 * @param filePath
 * @return
 * @throws FileNotFoundException 
 * @throws UnsupportedEncodingException 
 */
 public static <T> List<T> getEntitys(Class<T> c, String filePath, String encoding) throws UnsupportedEncodingException, FileNotFoundException {
 File file = new File(filePath);
 String labelName = c.getSimpleName().toLowerCase();
 SAXReader reader = new SAXReader();
 List<T> list = null;
 try {
 InputStreamReader in = new InputStreamReader(new FileInputStream(file), encoding);
 Document document = reader.read(in);
 Element root = document.getRootElement();
 List elements = root.elements(labelName);
 list = new ArrayList<T>();
 for(Iterator<Emp> it = elements.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
 Element e = (Element)it.next();
 T t = getEntity(c, e);
 list.add(t);
 }
 } catch (DocumentException e) {
 e.printStackTrace();
 } catch (InstantiationException e1) {
 e1.printStackTrace();
 } catch (IllegalAccessException e1) {
 e1.printStackTrace();
 } catch (NoSuchMethodException e1) {
 e1.printStackTrace();
 } catch (SecurityException e1) {
 e1.printStackTrace();
 } catch (IllegalArgumentException e1) {
 e1.printStackTrace();
 } catch (InvocationTargetException e1) {
 e1.printStackTrace();
 }
 return list;
 }
 
 
 /**
 * 将一种类型 和对应的 xml元素节点传进来,返回该类型的对象,该方法不对外开放
 * @param c 类类型
 * @param ele 元素节点
 * @return 该类型的对象
 * @throws InstantiationException
 * @throws IllegalAccessException
 * @throws NoSuchMethodException
 * @throws SecurityException
 * @throws IllegalArgumentException
 * @throws InvocationTargetException
 */
 @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
 private static <T> T getEntity(Class<T> c, Element ele) throws InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException, NoSuchMethodException, SecurityException, IllegalArgumentException, InvocationTargetException {
 Field[] fields = c.getDeclaredFields();
 Object object = c.newInstance();//
 for(Field f : fields) {
 String type = f.getType().toString();//获得字段的类型
 String fieldName = f.getName();//获得字段名称
 String param = fieldName.substring(0, 1).toUpperCase() + fieldName.substring(1);//把字段的第一个字母变成大写
 Element e = ele.element(fieldName);
 if(type.indexOf("Integer") > -1) {//说明该字段是Integer类型
 Integer i = null;
 if(e.getTextTrim() != null && !e.getTextTrim().equals("")) {
 i = Integer.parseInt(e.getTextTrim());
 }
 Method m = c.getMethod("set" + param, Integer.class);
 m.invoke(object, i);//通过反射给该字段set值
 }
 if(type.indexOf("Double") > -1) { //说明该字段是Double类型
 Double d = null;
 if(e.getTextTrim() != null && !e.getTextTrim().equals("")) {
 d = Double.parseDouble(e.getTextTrim());
 }
 Method m = c.getMethod("set" + param, Double.class);
 m.invoke(object, d);
 }
 if(type.indexOf("String") > -1) {//说明该字段是String类型
 String s = null;
 if(e.getTextTrim() != null && !e.getTextTrim().equals("")) {
 s = e.getTextTrim();
 }
 Method m = c.getMethod("set" + param, String.class);
 m.invoke(object, s);
 }
 }
 return (T)object;
 }
 /**
 * 用来写xml文件
 * @param doc Document对象
 * @param filePath 生成的文件路径
 * @param encoding 写xml文件的编码
 */
 public static void writeXml(Document doc, String filePath, String encoding) {
 XMLWriter writer = null;
 OutputFormat format = OutputFormat.createPrettyPrint();
 format.setEncoding(encoding);// 指定XML编码 

 try {
 writer = new XMLWriter(new FileWriter(filePath), format);
 writer.write(doc);
 } catch (IOException e) {
 e.printStackTrace();
 } finally {
 try {
 writer.close();
 } catch (IOException e) {
 e.printStackTrace();
 }
 }
 }
 
 /**
 * 默认使用utf-8的格式写文件
 * @param doc
 * @param filePath
 */
 public static void writeXml(Document doc, String filePath) {
 writeXml(doc, filePath, "utf-8");
 }
}

假如有个实体类是:

package com.pcq.entity;

import java.io.Serializable;

public class Emp implements Serializable{

 private Integer id;
 private String name;
 private Integer deptNo;
 private Integer age;
 private String gender;
 private Integer bossId;
 private Double salary;
 public Integer getId() {
 return id;
 }
 public void setId(Integer id) {
 this.id = id;
 }
 public String getName() {
 return name;
 }
 public void setName(String name) {
 this.name = name;
 }
 public Integer getDeptNo() {
 return deptNo;
 }
 public void setDeptNo(Integer deptNo) {
 this.deptNo = deptNo;
 }
 public Integer getAge() {
 return age;
 }
 public void setAge(Integer age) {
 this.age = age;
 }
 public String getGender() {
 return gender;
 }
 public void setGender(String gender) {
 this.gender = gender;
 }
 public Integer getBossId() {
 return bossId;
 }
 public void setBossId(Integer bossId) {
 this.bossId = bossId;
 }
 public Double getSalary() {
 return salary;
 }
 public void setSalary(Double salary) {
 this.salary = salary;
 }
 
}

那么写出来的xml文件格式如下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<emps>
 <emp>
 <id>1</id>
 <name>张三</name>
 <deptNo>50</deptNo>
 <age>25</age>
 <gender>男</gender>
 <bossId>6</bossId>
 <salary>9000.0</salary>
 </emp>
 <emp>
 <id>2</id>
 <name>李四</name>
 <deptNo>50</deptNo>
 <age>22</age>
 <gender>女</gender>
 <bossId>6</bossId>
 <salary>8000.0</salary>
 </emp>
</emps>

假如有个实体类如下:

package com.pcq.entity;

public class Student {

 private Integer id;
 private String name;
 private Integer age;
 private String gender;
 public Integer getId() {
 return id;
 }
 public void setId(Integer id) {
 this.id = id;
 }
 public String getName() {
 return name;
 }
 public void setName(String name) {
 this.name = name;
 }
 public Integer getAge() {
 return age;
 }
 public void setAge(Integer age) {
 this.age = age;
 }
 public String getGender() {
 return gender;
 }
 public void setGender(String gender) {
 this.gender = gender;
 }
 
}

那么写出来的xml文件如下

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<students>
 <student>
 <id></id>
 <name>pcq</name>
 <age>18</age>
 <gender>男</gender>
 </student>
</students>

读取也必须读这种格式的xml文件,才能转换成实体类,要求是实体类的类类型信息(Class)必须要获得到。

另外这里的实体类的属性类型均是Integer,String,Double,可以看到工具类里只对这三种类型做了判断。而且可以预想的是,如果出现一对多的关系,即一个实体类拥有一组另一个类对象的引用,

上面是我整理给大家的,希望今后会对大家有帮助。

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